Basic concepts

Fats

Fats are energy-dense nutrients that support cell membranes, hormones and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

What fats do

Fats provide energy, help form cell membranes, support hormone-related processes and help absorb vitamins A, D, E and K.

The useful question is not only how much fat a food has, but what types of fat it contains.

Main types

TypePractical meaning
Saturated fatCommon in animal fats, dairy and some tropical oils. Usually best kept moderate.
Monounsaturated fatCommon in olive oil, avocado and some nuts.
Polyunsaturated fatIncludes omega-3 and omega-6 fats from fish, seeds, nuts and oils.
Trans fatIndustrial trans fat should be kept as low as possible.

Practical view

For everyday eating, focus on the whole food pattern: enough protein and fibre, mostly minimally processed foods, and fat sources such as fish, nuts, seeds, avocado and olive oil when they fit the diet.